Iceland, a Nordic island nation in the North Atlantic Ocean, is renowned for its stunning landscapes, geothermal activity, and a resilient, literate population of approximately 366,000. With a history dating back to Viking settlements in the 9th century, Iceland gained independence from Denmark in 1944. The country operates as a parliamentary republic with a president serving as the head of state, while the prime minister is the head of government. The political landscape in Iceland is characterized by a multi-party system, with the major parties being the center-right Independence Party (Sjálfstæðisflokkurinn), the center-left Progressive Party (Framsóknarflokkurinn), the left-wing Social Democratic Alliance (Samfylkingin), and the Left-Green Movement (Vinstri hreyfingin – grænt framboð). These parties often form coalitions to govern, reflecting the consensual nature of Icelandic politics. The country’s political scene is shaped by a strong commitment to social welfare, environmental sustainability, and direct democracy, with citizens often participating in referendums on key issues. Iceland has positioned itself as a global leader in gender equality, boasting the world’s first democratically elected female president, Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, in 1980. Economically, Iceland has transitioned from a primarily fishing-dependent economy to one driven by a mix of renewable energy, tourism, and technology. The 2008 financial crisis hit the country hard, but Iceland has since recovered and maintained a stable economic environment. Its renewable energy resources, including geothermal and hydropower, contribute to both domestic energy needs and exports. Iceland has also been an advocate for environmental issues, emphasizing the importance of sustainability and taking steps to reduce carbon emissions. Additionally, its strategic location has led to active participation in Arctic affairs. Despite its small size, Iceland plays a significant role in global diplomacy, often promoting peace, human rights, and international cooperation. The Icelandic people take pride in their cultural heritage, with a rich tradition of literature, sagas, and arts. The Icelandic language, rooted in Old Norse, remains central to the national identity. Overall, Iceland stands as a unique blend of natural beauty, progressive politics, and a resilient society, making it a fascinating and influential player on the world stage. INTERSHIPPINGRATES: Features democracy and rights of Iceland.
Yearbook 2014 Iceland. The conflict around EU membership has grown since negotiations with the EU were canceled last year. In February, Prime Minister Sigmundur Davíð Gunnlaugsson declared that the coalition with the Independence Party...